Boeing Forecast Air Cargo Industry
Seock-Jin HONG, Professor, Bordeaux Management School
(BEM)
Boeing and Airbus
disclosed forecast of air traffic volume and airplane demand (Figure 1). Global
economic growth is expected to average 3.2 percent over the next 20 years,
fostering 5.0 percent annual growth in passenger traffic and 5.2 percent annual
growth in cargo traffic (Boeing, 2012). Boeing has forecasted passenger traffic
more than world economy growth (GDP) from 1.8%p to 2.2%p. However, in terms of
cargo traffic, the differences between GDP and cargo are decreasing 3.4%p in
2000 to 2%p in 2012. Not only the difference but annual growth rate decrease
from 6.4% in 2000 to 5.2% in 2012.
Asia-Pacific region has
leaded air cargo volume. So, the region’s growth rate for next
20 years is 1.5%p more than North America and 1.4%p more than Europe. The
differences of cargo growth rate are less growth rate than GDP (2%p, 2.7%p each),
airplane demand ( 2.3%p, 4.1%p), passenger traffic ( 3.6%p-2.3%p).
Air cargo result of
worldwide in 2011, based on ACI statistics, showed -0.1% than 2010,
Asia-Pacific region performed -3.0% (Figure 3). Cargo traffic in 2011 at major
airports in Asia-Pacific declined a lot, such as Hong Kong, Shanghai, Incheon,
Narita, Taipei, Kansai. Nevertheless, small and medium airports in Asia-Pacific
and Europe grew very high, such as Guangzhou, Shenzen, Leipzig, Cologne.
Furthermore, airports who hadn’t invested cargo,
increased the cargo traffic rate such as Beijing and Haneda airport.
Liberalization; increasing
risks in supply chain network; new aircraft development and oil price impact on
cargo demand. New aircraft development such as B777, A330 (B787, A350 in near
future) is increasing international long haul connection between small and
medium cities in different continents. And liberalization, especially between
United States of America and China, has mounted up direct connection between
two big countries.
Air cargo demand
correlate to long-haul passenger demand (Boeing, 2002). So, increasing direct
long-haul passenger connection through new developed airplane and expanding liberalization
impacts negatively on cargo demand at major hub airport. Globalization has being promoted supply chain network.
Globalized supply chain network expose more on risk. And then logistics service
provider is developing more multi-modal transport as well as alternative transport
in terms of long-haul cargo transport using rail and maritime transport This phenomenon
will be not only economic depression coming from European financial crisis but
will be last long.
Firgure 1 GDP
and Air traffic volume forecast from 2012 to 2031
|
World
|
Asia-
Pacific
|
North America
|
Europe
|
Latin America
|
CIS
|
Africa
|
Middle East
|
GDP
|
3.2%
|
4.6%
|
2.6%
|
1.9%
|
4.1%
|
3.4%
|
4.4%
|
3.9%
|
Aircraft
|
3.5%
|
5.5%
|
1.4%
|
3.2%
|
5.1%
|
1.7%
|
3.4%
|
4.8%
|
Pax(RPK)
|
5.0%
|
6.4%
|
2.8%
|
4.1%
|
6.6%
|
4.7%
|
5.6%
|
6.4%
|
Cargo (RTK)
|
5.2%
|
5.9%
|
4.5%
|
4.6%
|
5.9%
|
5.0%
|
5.8%
|
5.7%
|
(Source, Boeing, 2012)
Figure 2 Growth
measure from 2000 to 2012 for next 20-year
|
2000
|
2002
|
2004
|
2006
|
2008
|
2010
|
2012
|
GDP
|
3.0%
|
2.9%
|
3.0%
|
3.1%
|
3.2%
|
3.2%
|
3.2%
|
Pax(RPK)
|
4.8%
|
4.9%
|
5.2%
|
4.9%
|
5.0%
|
5.3%
|
5.0%
|
Cargo(RTK)
|
6.4%
|
6.4%
|
6.2%
|
6.1%
|
5.8%
|
5.9%
|
5.2%
|
(Source, Boeing,
2000-2010)
Figure 3 International
Cargo results in2011
Region
|
Cargo Volume (Ton)
|
Change rate to 2010
|
Africa
|
1,300,233
|
5.9%
|
Asia-Pacific
|
20,993,496
|
-3.0%
|
Europe
|
13,218,501
|
1.8%
|
Latin America
|
3,216,553
|
6.2%
|
Middle East
|
5,391,681
|
1.8%
|
North America
|
9,307,266
|
-0.1%
|
All ACI member
|
53,428,230
|
-0.1%
|
(Source, ACI, 2012)
Figure 4 World
busiest’s airports in 2011
Rank
|
Airports
|
Cargo Volume (Ton)
|
Change rate to 2010
|
1
|
Hong Kong, China
|
3,968,397
|
-4.7 %
|
2
|
Memphis, USA
|
3,916,535
|
0.0 %
|
3
|
Shanghai, China
|
3,103,030
|
-4.3 %
|
4
|
Anchorage, USA
|
2,625,201
|
0.5 %
|
5
|
Inchaon, Korea
|
2,579,222
|
-5.4 %
|
6
|
Dubai, Emirate
|
2,269,768
|
0
|
7
|
Frankfurt, Germany
|
2,215,181
|
-2.6
|
8
|
Louisville, USA
|
2,187,766
|
1.0
|
9
|
Paris, France
|
2,095,773
|
-4.0
|
10
|
Narita, Japan
|
1,945,110
|
-10.3
|
14
|
Beijing, China
|
1,668,751
|
7.7
|
15
|
Taipei, Taiwan
|
1,627,461
|
-7.9
|
17
|
Amsterdam, Netherland
|
1,549,686
|
0.8
|
21
|
Guangzhou, China
|
1,193,036
|
4.2
|
23
|
Haneda, Japan
|
873,016
|
6.7
|
24
|
Shenzen, China
|
826,022
|
4.2
|
27
|
Leipzig, Germany
|
743,981
|
16.5
|
28
|
Kansai, Japan
|
742,976
|
-2.1
|
29
|
Cologne, Germany
|
726,259
|
12.8
|
(Source, ACI, 2012)
//End//